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€€€€€€VServer]Last-Modified]Accept-RangesZConnectionTDate^Content-LengthTEtag\Content-Type_Sun-ONE-Web-Server/6.1_Wed, 22 Feb 2006 02:01:02 GMTUbytesUclose_Tue, 02 Jan 2007 17:26:30 GMTU12190_"2f9e-43fbc5de"Ò12bc£cd6_NSMutableDictionary\NSDictionaryÒ12fg¢g6_NSHTTPURLResponseInternalÒ12ij£jk6_NSHTTPURLResponse]NSURLResponse    $ ) 2 D I L b d ‚ ˆ « ® ² µ ¹ ¼ ¿ Ã Æ É Í Ð Ó Ú Ý á ä æ è ê ì î ÷ ú ü!-/13inw‚†Œ“œ¥¬®°²¹ÄÌÕ×ÙÛÝßáãåîðòôöøúüþ #.3BGTm“™¹¿ÑÖÚðý!&*>             l              LO/ž/* CSS Document */
body {
background-color: #ffffff;
margin: 0px;
padding: 0;
}
h1 {
font: 600 12px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #0063A9;
margin: 0px 0px 10px 0px;
}
p {
margin-top: 3px;
margin-bottom: 15px;
}
ul {
list-style: square url(/images/standard/ent/bullet.gif);
margin: 10px 0px 10px 20px;
}
li {
margin: 3px 0px 6px 0px;
}
hr {
border-right: #000000 0px solid;
border-top: #B0D5EF 1px solid;
border-left: #000000 0px solid;
border-bottom: #000000 0px solid;
color: #000000;
height: 1px;
margin: 5px 0px 5px 0px;
}
.footer {
color: #000066;
font: 11px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
padding: 15px 25px 15px 25px;
}
.footer  a {
font: 11px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000066;

}
.footer a:visited {
font: 11px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #666666;

}
.tileside {
background: url(/images/standard/ent/tile_side.gif) repeat-y;
}
.tiledisplay {
background: url(/images/standard/ent/tile_display_green.gif) repeat-y;
}
.tiledash {
background: url(/images/standard/ent/tile_dash.gif) repeat-x;
}
.header {
background-color: #333366;
}
.topline {
background-color: #333366;
}
.body {
background-color: #E7E7E7;
}
.search-body {
background-color: #FFFFFF;
}
.header {
background-color: #333366;
}
.display {
background-color: #C9D0A4;
}
.displaytext {
font: 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000000;
padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;
background-color: #ffffff;
}
.displaybox {
font: 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000000;
padding: 0px 0px 10px 5px;
background-color: #ffffff;
}
.mainstory {
font: 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #ffffff;
padding: 10px 10px 15px 15px;
background-color: #6363B0;
}
.mainstory a {
font: 600 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #ffffff;

}
.mainstory a:hover {
font: 600 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #ffffff;

}
.mainphoto {
font: 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #ffffff;
padding: 0px 15px 15px 15px;
background-color: #6363B0;

}
.tierstory {
font: 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #333333;
padding: 10px 15px 15px 10px;
}
.tierstory a {
font: 600 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000066;

}
.tierstory a:hover {
font: 600 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000066;

}
.tierphoto {
font: 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #ffffff;
padding: 10px 10px 15px 10px;
}
.adbar2 {
background-color: #E7E7E7;
padding: 0px 2px 2px 2px;
}
.adbar {
background-color: #E7E7E7;
padding: 0px 7px 20px 2px;
}
.homecontent {
color: #ffffff;
padding: 0px 10px 10px 10px;
}
.day {
font: 10px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #ffffff;
padding: 2px 1px 2px 1px;
}
.date {
font: 600 10px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000000;
background-color: #CCCCFF;
}
.dateon {
font: 600 10px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000000;
background-color: #CCCCFF;
}
.date a:link {
font: 600 10px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000000;
display: block;

border: #333366 1px solid;
padding: 2px 1px 2px 1px;
}
.date a:hover {
font: 600 10px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000000;
display: block;
border: #FF0000 1px solid;
padding: 2px 1px 2px 1px;

}
.dateon a:link {
font: 600 10px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000000;
display: block;

border: #FF0000 1px solid;
padding: 2px 1px 2px 1px;
}
.dateon a:hover {
font: 600 10px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000000;
display: block;
border: #FF0000 1px solid;

}
.navbar {
font: 11px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #333333;
padding: 0px 10px 0px 10px;
}
.navbar a {
font: 11px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000066;

}
.navbar a:visited {
font: 11px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #666666;

}
.career {
font: 10px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #333333;
padding: 0px 10px 0px 10px;
}
.career a {
font: 10px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000066;

}
.career a:visited {
font: 10px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #666666;

}
.weather {
font: 600 11px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #993300;
padding: 0px 10px 0px 20px;
}
.subhead {
background: url(/images/standard/ent/tile_header.gif) bottom repeat-x;
font: 600 12px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #737302;
padding: 5px 10px 4px 10px;
}
.subhead  a {
font: 11px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000066;

}
.content {
background-color: #ffffff;
font: 11px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #333333;
padding: 6px 20px 10px 10px;
}
.content  a {
font: 600 11px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000066;
margin-right: 10px;

}
.content a:visited {
font: 600 11px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #666666;
margin-right: 10px;

}
.storydate {
font: 10px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #993300;
margin-right: 5px;
}

.text { 
font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #333333;
}

.related-text { 
font-size: 10px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #333333;
}
.smalltext {
font: 10px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #333333;
margin-right: 5px;
}
.copyright {
font: 11px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #333333;
padding: 4px 20px 10px 35px;
}
.boxtop {
background: url(/images/standard/ent/box_top_green.gif) repeat-y;
font: 600 11px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #ffffff;
padding: 2px 0px 2px 7px;
}
.callout {
background-color: #ffffff;
font: 10px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000000;
border-right: #C9D0A4 3px solid;
border-top: #C9D0A4 0px solid;
border-left: #C9D0A4 3px solid;
border-bottom: #C9D0A4 3px solid;
padding: 5px 8px 6px 8px;
}
.callbar {
padding: 0px 0px 5px 10px;
}
.boxtopyellow {
background: url(/images/standard/ent/box_top_yellow.gif) repeat-y;
font: 600 11px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000000;
padding: 2px 0px 2px 7px;
}
.calloutyellow {
background-color: #ffffff;
font: 10px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000000;
border-right: #CDCDFF 3px solid;
border-top: #CDCDFF 0px solid;
border-left: #CDCDFF 3px solid;
border-bottom: #CDCDFF 3px solid;
padding: 5px 8px 6px 8px;
}
.more a: {
font: 600 10px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000066;

}
/* start ctnow story detail styles */
.storydetail {
font: 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #333333;
padding: 10px;
background-color: #ffffff;
}
.storydetail h1 {
font: 600 12px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #920000;
margin: 5px 0px 0px 0px;
}
.storydetail h2 {
font: 600 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #4E4E90;
margin: 10px 0px 0px 0px;
}
.storydetail a:link {
font: 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #000066;

}
.storydetail a:hover {
font: 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #666666;

}
.storydetail a:visited {
font: 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #666666;

}
.storydetail p {
margin: 0px 0px 10px 0px;
}
.gray{
font: 11px/16px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #666666;
}
.quote {
font: 600 12px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #6262AF;
}
.quote p{
font: 600 12px/18px Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #6262AF;
margin: 0px 0px 0px 10px;
}
.quotedotline {
background: #ffffff url(/images/standard/ent/tile_dot_vertical.gif) left repeat-y;
}
.featured {
padding: 10px 5px 5px 0px;
}
.dottedrule {
background: #ffffff url(/images/standard/ent/tile_dot_horizontal.gif) right repeat-x;
width=100%;
}
/* end story detail styles */


#breakingnews-front { font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; color: #990000; }

#ad-rail-label { font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: #ffffff; }

#byline { font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; }

#center-rail-label { font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: #000066; }

#columnist-email { font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; }

#columnist-name { font-size: 12px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: #000099; }

#columnist-subhead { font-size: 12px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; }

#copyright { font-size: 10px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; }

#credit { font-size: 10px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; }

#credit-brief { font-size: 12px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: italic; }

#dateline { font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; }

#deckhead { font-size: 10px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; }

#flipbook-title { font-size: 16px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: #ffffff; }

#footer { font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; }

#footer-credit { font-size: 10px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; }

#headline { font-size: 12px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; }

#headline-thc { font-size: 14px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; }

#headline-story { font-size: 16px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; }

#headline-top-1 { font-size: 15px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; }

#headline-top { font-size: 14px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; }

#headlines-more { font-size: 10px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; }

#headlines-more-title { font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; }

#navbar { font-size: 10px; font-family: verdana, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: #ffffff; }

#navigation-text { font-size: 10px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; }

#navigation-title { font-size: 10px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; }

#quiz-selected { font-size: 12px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: #006633 }

#related-label { font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: #000066; }

#related-mp-label { font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: #ffffff; }

#related-text { font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana,  arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: #333333;}

#related-mhc-text { font-size: 10px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: #ffffff;}

#related-title { font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: #333333;}

#search { font-size: 9px; font-family: verdana, sans-serif; color: #ffffff; }

#spacer { font-size: 5px; line-height: 5pt; }

#subhead { font-size: 12px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; }

#subhead-brief { font-size: 12px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; }

#text { font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #333333}

#text-bold { font-size: 12px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; }

#time-stamp { font-size: 10px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; }

#time-stamp-red { font-size: 10px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #333333; }

#time-stamp-brief { font-size: 12px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; }

#weather { font-size: 10px; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; }

#related-rail {	width: 140px; float: right; margin-left: 4px; padding: 3px;}
#related-rail a {}
#related-rail a:hover {}
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Y$archiverX$versionT$topX$objects_NSKeyedArchiver † Ñ	_WebResourceResponse€¯)/078<RSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`7aehU$nullß !"#$%&'(R$6S$10R$2S$13R$7R$3S$11R$8R$4S$14R$9R$0V$classR$5S$12R$1€€€ #A¦•šŽ‚VO #A¦•š_^È€#A¦Âú¹_^È€Ó*+!-.WNS.base[NS.relative€ €€_6http://www.ctnow.com/central/javascript/mtrx/s_code.jsÒ1234X$classesZ$classname£456UNSURLV%NSURLXNSObject_application/x-javascriptÓ9:;€€ÈÓ=>?HQZNS.objectsWNS.keys¨@ABCDEFG€€€€€€€€¨IJKLMNOP€€	€
€€€€€€VServer]Last-Modified]Accept-RangesZConnectionTDate^Content-LengthTEtag\Content-Type_Sun-ONE-Web-Server/6.1_Fri, 14 Jul 2006 15:14:52 GMTUbytesUclose_Tue, 02 Jan 2007 17:26:32 GMTU20244_"4f14-44b7b4ec"Ò12bc£cd6_NSMutableDictionary\NSDictionaryÒ12fg¢g6_NSHTTPURLResponseInternalÒ12ij£jk6_NSHTTPURLResponse]NSURLResponse    $ ) 2 D I L b d ‚ ˆ « ® ² µ ¹ ¼ ¿ Ã Æ É Í Ð Ó Ú Ý á ä æ è ê ì î ÷ ú ü!-/13lqz…‰–ŸºÁÃÅÇÎÙáêìîðòôöøú	*8CHW\i‚¢¨®ÎÔæëï6;?S             l              aOO/* SiteCatalyst code version: H.2.
Copyright 1997-2005 Omniture, Inc. More info available at
http://www.omniture.com */
/* Specify the Report Suite ID(s) to track here */
var s_account="tribglobal";
var domurl=window.location.href;
//var designEnv = domurl.match("design.tii.trb");
//if(designEnv==null){
if(domurl.match("design.tii.trb")){
	s_account="tribpreprod";
}
if(domurl.match("test.tii.trb")){
	s_account="tribpreprod";
}
if(domurl.match("testprod.rc.trb")){
	s_account="tribpreprod";
}

var s=s_gi(s_account)
/************************** CONFIG SECTION **************************/
/* You may add or alter any code config here. */
/* E-commerce Config */
s.currencyCode="USD"
/* Link Tracking Config */
s.trackDownloadLinks=true
s.trackExternalLinks=true
s.trackInlineStats=true
s.linkDownloadFileTypes="exe,zip,wav,mp3,mov,mpg,avi,wmv,doc,pdf,xls,acrobat,mp4,swf,xml,flv,php"
s.linkInternalFilters="javascript:,"+ window.location.host
s.linkLeaveQueryString=false
s.linkTrackVars="server"
s.linkTrackEvents="None"
// Begin PN Plugin Params
s.siteID=""; // optional if we have no pagename, use this.
s.defaultPage="";
s.queryVarsList=""; // if list, comma delimit
s.pathExcludeDelim="?";
s.pathConcatDelim=":"; // page name component separator

/* Plugin Config */
s.usePlugins=true
function s_doPlugins(s) {
	/* Add calls to plugins here */
	s.campaign = s.getQueryParam('gcid,track,coll,ctrack,cmp','');
	
    	if ((!window.s.pageType) && (!window.s.pageName || s.pageName==""))
		s.pageName=s.getPageName();	
	// Cookie Check for Pathing Reports
	var tc = "current"		
	if(document.cookie.indexOf('s_path')==-1) {
		s.c_w("s_path",tc,0);
		s.prop30 = "Y"
	}else{
		s.prop30 = "N"
	}

/* Set event 5 (page view) on every page - added 7/11/2006 */	

if(s.events){s.events=s.events + ',event5'}else{s.events='event5'} 
	
}
s.doPlugins=s_doPlugins

/************************** PLUGINS SECTION *************************/
/* You may insert any plugins you wish to use here.                 */

/*
 * Plugin: getQueryParam 1.3 - Return query string parameter values
 */
s.getQueryParam=new Function("qp","d",""
+"var s=this,v='',i,t;d=d?d:'';while(qp){i=qp.indexOf(',');i=i<0?qp.l"
+"ength:i;t=s.gcgi(qp.substring(0,i));if(t)v+=v?d+t:t;qp=qp.substring"
+"(i==qp.length?i:i+1)}return v");
s.gcgi=new Function("k",""
+"var v='',s=this;if(k&&s.wd.location.search){var q=s.wd.location.sea"
+"rch.toLowerCase(),qq=q.indexOf('?');q=qq<0?q:q.substring(qq+1);v=s."
+"pt(q,'&','cgif',k.toLowerCase())}return v");
s.cgif=new Function("t","k",""
+"if(t){var s=this,i=t.indexOf('='),sk=i<0?t:t.substring(0,i),sv=i<0?"
+"'True':t.substring(i+1);if(sk.toLowerCase()==k)return s.epa(sv)}ret"
+"urn ''");


/*
 * Utility Function: Split a string (compatible with Javascript 1.0)
 */
s.split=new Function("str","sep",""
+"var si=0,sa=new Array(),i;while((str.length>0)&&(sep.length>0)){"
+"i=str.indexOf(sep);if((!i)&&(sep!=str.substring(0,sep.length)))"
+"break;if(i==-1){sa[si++] = str;break;}sa[si++]=str.substring(0,i);"
+"str=str.substring(i+sep.length,str.length)}return sa");
	
/*
 * Utility Function: Determine If A Particular Value Exists Within An Array
 */
s.ia=new Function("ar","v",""
+"for(var i=0;i<ar.length;i++){if(ar[i]==v)return i}return -1");

/*
 * Plugin: Dynamically Generate Page Name Based On Current URL
 */
s.getPageName=new Function(""
+"var s=this,pn=(s.siteID&&(''+s.siteID).length>0)?''+s.siteID:"
+"'',l=location,dp=(s.defaultPage)?''+s.defaultPage:'',e="
+"(s.pathExcludeDelim)?s.pathExcludeDelim:'',cs=(s.pathConcatDelim)?"
+"s.pathConcatDelim:'',q=l.search.substring(1),"
+"p=l.pathname.substring(1),x=p.indexOf(e);p=((x<0)?p:p.substring(0,"
+"x)).split('/');for(j=0;j<p.length;j++){if(p[j].length>0){if(pn."
+"length>0)pn+=cs;pn+=p[j]}else{if(dp.length>0){if(pn.length>0)pn+="
+"cs;pn+=dp}}}if(q.length>0){if(s.queryVarsList){var qpa=new Array()"
+",qv=s.split(s.queryVarsList,','),qp=s.split(q,'&'),tmp,idx;for(i="
+"0;i<qp.length;i++){tmp=s.split(qp[i],'=');qpa[i]=tmp[0]}for(i=0;"
+"i<qv.length;i++){idx=s.ia(qpa,qv[i]);if(idx>=0){if(pn.length"
+">0)pn+=cs;pn+=qp[idx]}}}}return pn");

/* WARNING: Changing the visitor namespace will cause drastic changes
to how your visitor data is collected.  Changes should only be made
when instructed to do so by your account manager.*/
s.visitorNamespace="tribuneinteractive"

s.vmk="4418B580"

/************* DO NOT ALTER ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE ! **************/
var s_objectID;function s_c2fe(f){var x='',s=0,e,a,b,c;while(1){e=
f.indexOf('"',s);b=f.indexOf('\\',s);c=f.indexOf("\n",s);if(e<0||(b>=
0&&b<e))e=b;if(e<0||(c>=0&&c<e))e=c;if(e>=0){x+=(e>s?f.substring(s,e):
'')+(e==c?'\\n':'\\'+f.substring(e,e+1));s=e+1}else return x
+f.substring(s)}return f}function s_c2fa(f){var s=f.indexOf('(')+1,e=
f.indexOf(')'),a='',c;while(s>=0&&s<e){c=f.substring(s,s+1);if(c==',')
a+='","';else if(("\n\r\t ").indexOf(c)<0)a+=c;s++}return a?'"'+a+'"':
a}function s_c2f(cc){cc=''+cc;var fc='var f=new Function(',s=
cc.indexOf(';',cc.indexOf('{')),e=cc.lastIndexOf('}'),o,a,d,q,c,f,h,x
fc+=s_c2fa(cc)+',"var s=new Object;';c=cc.substring(s+1,e);s=
c.indexOf('function');while(s>=0){d=1;q='';x=0;f=c.substring(s);a=
s_c2fa(f);e=o=c.indexOf('{',s);e++;while(d>0){h=c.substring(e,e+1);if(
q){if(h==q&&!x)q='';if(h=='\\')x=x?0:1;else x=0}else{if(h=='"'||h=="'"
)q=h;if(h=='{')d++;if(h=='}')d--}if(d>0)e++}c=c.substring(0,s)
+'new Function('+(a?a+',':'')+'"'+s_c2fe(c.substring(o+1,e))+'")'
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   <font face=" arial"=""><B><A href="http://www.ctnow.com/custom/nmm/newhavenadvocate/hce-nha-1221-nh52artstory52.artdec21,0,7645888.story">http://www.ctnow.com/custom/nmm/newhavenadvocate/hce-nha-1221-nh52artstory52.artdec21,0,7645888.story</A> </B>
   

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   <BR><BR>

   <FONT face="arial" size="3"><B>Tragedy to Farce</B></FONT>
   <BR><BR>

   <FONT face="arial" size="2"><B>More lies - some of them useful - about the past</B></FONT>

   <BR><BR>


       By Stephen Vincent Kobasa<BR>
   

<BR>


   December 21 2006<BR>
   <BR>


The last painting without a history was a hand silhouetted on a cave wall with a mouthful of paint and a straw.<BR>
<BR>
And even that, no doubt, had some more fragile precendentâ€”a drawing in the dust.<BR>
<BR>
But to have a history is not the same as depicting one, as is made clear in the various experiments of the Artspace exhibition <EM>Donâ€™t Know Much About History</EM> .<BR>
<BR>
The theme of art revisiting, and revisioning, the past is dangerous in the expected wayâ€”more interesting as an idea than in execution, but the successes here are provocative. And so are the failures.<BR>
<BR>
Our history is in pieces, as literally rendered in Charles Browningâ€™s painting â€œMan of Science.â€ Prefiguring the â€œBlack Dahliaâ€ murder, this is a puzzle assemblage of anatomyâ€”miscegenation by dismemberment. Its orange horizon and the detail of biological illustrations bordering a corpse make it into a Hudson River School meditation on scientific murder. The empiricist manipulates his calipers and a divining stick that could be a mandrake root pulled, screaming, from the ground.<BR>
<BR>
Next to this unnerving, chill vision, the same artistâ€™s â€œBlack Faceâ€ is a cheap trick, as obvious as Bing Crosbyâ€™s minstrel performance in <EM>Holiday Inn</EM> . And it has none of the dark humor of â€œGood Chance,â€ with its two Leatherstocking figures in the same canoe, each paddling in the opposite direction. Eternally disoriented, these adventurers will bring violence wherever they arriveâ€”if they ever do.<BR>
<BR>
James Esberâ€™s drawings of Abraham Lincoln counter Daniel Chester Frenchâ€™s seated monster of the Lincoln Memorial. Reduced to human scale, these deformed revisions appear realistic in contrast to our mythic distortions of the assassinated President.<BR>
<BR>
In â€œThe Alamo,â€ a video projection loop by Jonathan Santos, the fish in a pool near the monument appear intent upon refusing evolution, given what awaitsâ€”the inane chatter of tourists and a litter of coinage polluting the water. The same artistâ€™s ten small canvases of â€œDealy Plaza, Dallas, TX, 1963â€ reveal useless satellite maps of the site of John F. Kennedyâ€™s murder. Like many histories, they tell us everything but let us discover nothing.<BR>
<BR>
A panoramic photograph by Deborah Bright of â€œCrow Agency, Montana: Battle of the Little Big Hornâ€ shows the scattering of death in the gravestones erected where the bodies of Custerâ€™s troops were buried. These are the boundary lines of slaughter, marked but nameless, since the dead were too mutilated to identify. The empty world in the background is a reminder of the victors, vanished to unknown graves.<BR>
<BR>
There are shadow parodies of Fuseliâ€™s â€œThe Nightmareâ€ and Eakinsâ€™ â€œThe Gross Clinicâ€ in a painting entitled â€œMalpractice #2.â€ The work of Lalla Essaydi depicts murder or surgery or both, with witless bystanders in black and white. This is the craven Orient, turned into a necrophileâ€™s dream for imperialist clerks.<BR>
<BR>
A heap of wooden rifles looks like the remains of a defunct carnival shooting gallery or like Buffalo Billâ€™s theatrical armory. They make one wish that the artist, Allison Smith, could turn all the worldâ€™s weapons to toys.<BR>
<BR>
Justin Richel might well have stopped with his image â€œFather of a Nation,â€ displaying George Washington in uniform, but with his trousers and undergarments around his ankles. This shares some of the shock that the suitor in Jonathan Swiftâ€™s poem â€œA Ladyâ€™s Bedchamberâ€ suffers when he discovers, by prying in his loverâ€™s room, that â€œOh! Celia, Celia, Celia shits!â€ An ordinary insight, but a useful one. But the artist goes on to depict a series of copulations in which the first president of the United States takes on various examples of Colonial architecture in a priapic frenzy. The punning titles of â€œLove of Countryâ€ and â€œMaking of a Nationâ€ are barely forgivable. We do not learn anything here, not even about scorn. Although we might consider this burning question: When inserting a penis into a covered bridge, which point of entry constitutes sodomy?<BR>
<BR>
On the same scale, but significantly more compelling, John Kruegerâ€™s colored pencil drawings portray believable anomalies: Thomas Jefferson pushing a shopping cart, dragging a slaveâ€™s chain as if he were Marleyâ€™s ghost, and another image taken, I believe, from a 19th century photograph of a criminal, hanged or gunned down, now pictured with a can of spray paint with which the figureâ€™s mouth has been shadowed, while a small puddle of darkness forms at its feet. These are allusive and unnerving takes on the past, and the ways in which it infects our present.<BR>
<BR>
Paul Whitmanâ€™s â€œSaratoga Redoubt Tapâ€ in pencil and wax is a cartoon within a cartoonâ€”behind a local bar, behind a cannon with a midden of excavated crockery in one panel, while the metal beer keg waits to be discovered by future archaeologists, here where men tell their lies of war over the glasses and bottles. All this is laid atop a square of mock earth that might pass for a lead soldierâ€™s cemetery. This is history run riot, clattering echoes of memory collected for a brief pause in the stuck time of art.<BR>
<BR>
And there is more worthy of notice: Johnny Carreraâ€™s miniature histories in monetary form; uncommon currency; Titus Kapharâ€™s cut canvas of the revolution that might have been, with its ghosts of armed black students on the Cornell University steps; Phil Whitman again, with toy sculptures under torture, where an 18th-century atrocity anticipates the pyramid of bodies at Abu Ghraib.<BR>
<BR>
The playwright John Guare has asserted that â€œwe live in a world where amnesia is the most wished-for state.â€ This exhibition contains a number of effective cures.â—<BR>
<BR>
<B>Don't Know Much About History</B><BR>
<I>Through Jan. 20 at Artspace, 50 Orange St., New Haven. (203) 772-2709, artspacenh.org.</I><BR>
<BR>
<A href="mailto:skobasa@snet.net">skobasa@snet.net</A>


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   <CITE>Copyright Â© 2006, New Haven Advocate</CITE>
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